Residential tower or donjon: This is a heavily fortified tower that could serve as both a residence and a place of last refuge. The keep was very heavily guarded and difficult to take. Often the keep was used as part of a castle, but there are also examples in which a keep is used as a separate castle.
Motte: A highly secured castle that was built on an excavated hill, giving tactical advantages. A motte was often accompanied by a few Donjons and at the bottom there was often a forecourt with a few stables.
Moated castle or moated castle: One of the most common types of castles. Moated castles are always surrounded by a moat or some other form of water (for example a lake) and have only a few defensive walls as the main defenses. Inside, there was often a courtyard surrounded by outbuildings and the castle.
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